Fruit tree rootstock selector
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USER GUIDE
FRUIT TREEROOTSTOCK SELECTOR FOR FRUITTREES
First of all rootstocks slow the vegetative growth (leaves, branches) of the fruit selections. Rootstocks take care of a sooner and richer harvest . Also they offer a better resistance against certain fungal deseases . Customers choose rootstocks dependent on the general chosen race, the soil and stem height
STEP 1
Choice of the tree shape and stem height required.
| BUSH | PATIOSHAPE | LOW STANDARD | WHIP | HALF STANDARD | STANDARD | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Stemheight | 20 cm | 40 cm | 60-80 cm | variabel | 120-160 cm | 180-220 cm |
| Mature height, approx. | 2 m | 1 m | 3 m | 2,5 m | 5 m | 7 m |
| Harvest after approx. | 2 jr | 2 jr | 3 jr | 3 jr | 5 jr | 7 jr |
| Usage | Retail | Potplant Retail | Retail and commercial | Dense plantings in hedges (Retail and commercial) | Solitair and fruit orchard | Solitair and fruit orchard |
| Usage live expect. , ca | 30 yr | variabel | 40yr | 30 yr | 50-75 yr | yr jr |
STEP 2
Choice of the suitable rootstock.
| APPLE | PEAR | CHERRIE | PLUM | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bush | M26, M7 and MM106 | Quince MA | Gisela 3 of 5 | VVA-1 |
| Low stem | M7, M26 and MM106 | MA Quince | Colt, Weiroot 13 or 158, Gisela 3 or 5 | St. Julien A |
| Whip | B9, M7, M9 or M26 | Kwee MC, Quince A | Weiroot 158, Gisela 5 | St. Julien A |
| Half standard | M7, M106, m111 and Bittenfelder seedling | Kirchensaller seedling, Pear seedling | Colt, Prunus avium , F12/1 | St. Julien, Myrobolaan |
| Standard | MM111 and Bittenfelder seedling | Kirchensaller seedling, Pear seedling | Prunus avium , F12/1 | St. Julien, Bromton, Myrobolaan |
Some additional information and things to know regarding your rootstocks :
- B9 is a Russian rootstock alternative : more dry resistant/lower temperatures resistant.
- M26 does not like wet soil. This rootstock is suitable for less intensive crops and so very suitable for private usage . M26 requires less care and pruning, support and watering. The wind resistance makes it suitable for single stem shape.
- M9 is most commonly used in commercial orchard
- Quince MC is mainly used for commercial use because of weaker growth. This makes it suitable for espaliered trees . Quince MC is more frost sensitive.
- Quince Adams is in terms of vigor amidst Kwee Kwee MA and MC
- Plums usually are not grown on seedlings rootstocks . Seedling rootstocks produce large differences in vigor. Plum cuttings are better.
STEP 3
Tune to conditions.
The above fruit tree rootstocks selector table is a directive. Is a fast-growing breed used in a fertile soil, the growth (yet) should continue to be held back by a weaker rootstock. If the customer wants a friendly maintenance tree and later fruiting , no problem, it can be reached by using faster growing rootstocks. The table below provides help in the alignment of the selected strain.
A fruit tree explanation is a directive. Is a fast-growing breed used in a fertile soil, the growth (yet) should continue to be held back by a weaker rootstock. If the customer wants a friendly maintenance tree and later fruiting , no problem, it can be reached by using faster growing rootstocks. The table below provides help in the alignment of the selected strain.
Our Kuiper Veendam table is a directive. Is a fast-growing breed used in a fertile soil, the growth (yet) should continue to be held back by a weaker rootstock. If the customer wants a friendly maintenance tree and later fruiting , no problem, it can be reached by using faster growing rootstocks. The table below provides help in the alignment of the selected strain.
SLOW / WEAK GROWING ROOTSTOCKS
- For shorter stems
- For more rich soil types
- For powerfull grafts/ races
- For short life cycle
- More maintenance
- Crop allready after 2 yr
- Easy to prune
- Stake nessessarry
- Shorter plant distance
Fast / STRONG / POWERFULL ROOTSTOKS
- For taller stems
- For more poor soil types
- For weaker grafts / races
- For longer life cycle
- Low maintenance
- Crop after 7 jaar
- More difficult to prune
- Stake only short while after planting
- Wider plant distance
Since fruit like apples and pears have fairly shallow roots it should be considered to check soil at 0 to 50 cm depth.
Stems in between rootstock and variety.
Sometimes between the rootstock and the variety, species or cultivar a stem in between is used.. With apples this is primarily done to create a beautiful, straight trunk for half-standard and tall trees. With pear a strain in between is sometimes necessary because of incompatibility of the chosen variety.